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Presenting the digital humanities as both a domain of practice and as a set of methodological approaches to be applied to corpus linguistics and translation, chapters in this volume provide a novel and original framework to triangulate research for pursuing both scientific and educational goals within the digital humanities. They also highlight more broadly the importance of data triangulation in corpus linguistics and translation studies.Putting forward practical applications for digging into data, this book is a detailed examination of how to integrate quantitative and qualitative approaches through case studies, sample analysis and practical examples.

This book presents a holistic picture of the practice of an experienced literary translator working in situ, highlighting the value of in-depth process studies for the discipline and offering a model for future similar studies.Bringing together Cognitive Translation Studies (CTS) and literary translation, Borg interrogates existing assumptions in CTS and sheds light on the value of a combined look at both cognitive and social processes in literary translation. The volume extends the scope of existing CTS studies with its comprehensive examination of the work of one translator and exploration of the wide range of materials from draft to finished translation. This unique model allows for a greater understanding of the actions, decisions, motivations and work practices of individual translators as well as of their interactions with other participants in the practice of a literary translation.Making the case for in-depth process research in illuminating the dynamics of translation production and working practices, this innovative book will be of interest to students and scholars in translation and interpreting studies, especially those interested in literary translation and cognitive approaches.

This is the first monograph to examine the notion of a translator's competence from the perspective of Gadamerian philosophical hermeneutics, an aspect not yet given rigorous critical attention either by translatologists or philosophers. The study's main objective is to not only depict different conceptualizations of translation as based on Hans-Georg Gadamer's philosophy of understanding, but also develop a theory of a translator's hermeneutic competences, a unique approach as contrasted with the main trends and tendencies in modern translation studies. It also delves into Gadamer's reflections on understanding, history, text and interpretation. Finally, this monograph proves that translation studies and hermeneutics are more complementary upon closer inspection than one could think.

Examining the research possibilities, debates and challenges posed by the emerging field of genetic translation studies, this book demonstrates how, both theoretically and empirically, genetic criticism can shed much-needed light on translators'archives, the translator figure and the creative process of translation. Genetic Translation Studies analyses a diverse range of translation materials including manuscripts, typographical proofs, personal papers, letters, testimonies and interviews in order to give visibility, body and presence to translators. Chapters draw on translations of works by authors such as Saint-John Perse, Nikos Kazantzakis, René Char, António Lobo Antunes and Camilo Castelo Branco, in each case revealing the conflicts and collaborations between translators and other stakeholders, including authors, editors and publishers. Covering an impressive array of language contexts, from Portuguese, English and French to Greek, Finnish, Polish and Sanskrit, this book demonstrates the value of the genetic turn in translation studies and offers new ways of working with translator correspondences.

A critically acclaimed foundational text, Translation in Systems offers a comprehensive guide to the descriptive and systemic approaches which have shaped translation studies. Theo Hermans considers translation norms, equivalence, polysystems and social systems, covering a wide range of theorists in his discussion of the principles of translation studies. Reissued with a new foreword by Kathryn Batchelor, which updates the text for a new generation of readers, Translation in Systems endures partly on account of Hermans's vivid and articulate writing style. The book covers the fundamental problems of translation norms, equivalence, polysystems and social systems, encompassing not only the work of Levý, Holmes, Even-Zohar, Toury, Lefevere, Lambert, Bassnett, D'hulst and others, but also giving special attention to contributions derived from Pierre Bourdieu and Niklas Luhmann. Hermans explains how contemporary descriptive approaches came about, what the basic ideas were, how those ideas have evolved over time, and offers a critique of these approaches.With practical questions of how to investigate translation (including problems of definition, description and assessment of readerships), this is essential reading for graduate students and researchers in translation studies and related areas.

'Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers', heute einer der meistdiskutierten Texte zum Problem des Übersetzens, betrachtete Walter Benjamin seinerzeit als sein ›Credo‹. Wie das zu verstehen ist, macht Julia Abel durch eine Rekonstruktion der systematischen Zusammenhänge im Frühwerk Benjamins deutlich, in dem der Begriff der Übersetzung eine besondere Rolle spielt. Erstmals wird der Essay als Reaktion auf zeitgenössische Problemlagen in Philosophie und Literatur erkennbar, als Antwort auf ästhetische Konzepte des George-Kreises, Rudolf Borchardts und Hugo von Hofmannsthals und schließlich als Entwurf einer Theorie, die den von Hellingrath wiederentdeckten Pindar-Übersetzungen Hölderlins gerecht werden will.

By choosing to use different linguistic approaches as a theoretical basis of their study of translation as a process of picture-taking, The Arabic-English Translator as Photographer: A Linguistic Account offers readers an original view of the translator's work.In addition to laying emphasis on the importance of giving full consideration to the mental image(s) conjured up in the mind of the translators, the book provides an accessible introduction to structural semiotics, interpretive semiotics, functional grammar, semantics and cognitive linguistics for students and researchers who are new to the field. The book can be used as a basis for (post)graduate students, especially students of MA and PhD in Translation Studies as well as students in modern languages schools.The book focuses on a specific pair of languages, English and Arabic, and presents the relationships generated by texts'translation, including adverts and other types of texts, between these two languages.

Perspectives on Retranslation: Ideology, Paratexts, Methods explores retranslation from a variety of aspects and reflects methodological and theoretical developments in the field. Featuring eleven chapters, each offering a unique approach, the book presents a well-rounded analysis of contemporary issues in retranslation. It brings together case studies and examples from a range of contexts including France, the UK, Spain, the US, Brazil, Greece, Poland, modern Turkey, and the Ottoman Empire. The chapters highlight a diversity of cultural settings and illustrate the assumptions and epistemologies underlying the manifestations of retranslation in various cultures and time periods. The book expressly challenges a Eurocentric view and treats retranslation in all of its complexity by using a variety of methods, including quantitative and statistical analysis, bibliographical studies, reception analysis, film analysis, and musicological, paratextual, textual, and norm analysis. The chapters further show the dominant effect of ideology on macro and micro translation decisions, which comes into sharp relief in the specific context of retranslation.

Profesně tolerovaná a hojně uplatňovaná praxe překládání do nemateřského jazyka (tzv. nerodilý překlad) patří mezi málo popsané fenomény. Předkládaná kolektivní monografie proto nejprve mapuje názory translatologů a aktérů překladatelského trhu na nerodilé překládání, jeho možnosti a omezení. Jádro knihy pak představuje empirický výzkum zahrnující čtyřicet českých překladatelů z/do angličtiny a francouzštiny, jehož cílem je charakterizovat celkovou kvalitu překladů, typologii chyb a konkrétní strategie a postupy s ohledem na směr překladu, cizí jazyk, pokročilost překladatele a druh textu. Výzkum je doplněn údaji získanými od překladatelů prostřednictvím dotazníků a také polostrukturovanými rozhovory s rodilými mluvčími cizích jazyků se zkušeností s revizí nerodilých překladů. Publikace tak přináší empiricky podložené poznatky a nabízí prakticky zužitkovatelná zjištění o stavu překladatelského trhu a různých aspektech nerodilého překládání.

This collection brings together contributions from translation theorists, linguists, and literary scholars to promote interdisciplinary dialogue about untranslatability and its implications within the context of globalization. The chapters depart from the pragmatics of translation practice and move on to consider the role of the translator's voice and the translator as author in specific literary works. The volume as a whole seeks to study and at times dramatize the interplay between translation as a creative practice and its place within the dynamic between local and global examining case studies across a wide variety of literary genres and traditions across regions. By highlighting the complex interface between translation practice and theory, translator and author, and local and global, this book will be of particular interest to graduate students and scholars in translation studies and literary studies.

Cognitive research in translation and interpreting has reached a critical threshold of maturity that is triggering rapid expansion along exciting new paths that potentially lead to deeper connections with other disciplines. Innovation and Expansion in Translation Process Research reflects this broadening scope and reach, emphasizing ongoing methodological innovations, diversification of research topics and questions, and rich interactions with adjacent fields of research. The contributions to the volume can be grouped within four loosely defined themes: advances in traditional topics in translation process research, including problems in translation, translation competence or expertise, and specialization of translators; advances in research into the emotional or affective aspects of translating and translator training; innovations in machine translation and post-editing; expansion of cognitively-oriented translation studies to include editing processes and reception studies. This timely volume highlights the burgeoning growth, diversification, and connectivity of translation process research.

This book explores the interaction between corpus stylistics and translation studies. It shows how corpus methods can be used to compare literary texts to their translations, through the analysis of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and four of its Italian translations. The comparison focuses on stylistic features related to the major themes of Heart of Darkness. By combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, Mastropierro discusses how alterations to the original's stylistic features can affect the interpretation of the themes in translation. The discussion illuminates the manipulative effects that translating can have on the reception of a text, showing how textual alterations can trigger different readings. This book advances the multidisciplinary dialogue between corpus linguistics and translation studies and is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the application of corpus approaches to stylistics and translation.

This book celebrates the bicentenary of Schleiermacher's famous Berlin conference'On the Different Methods of Translating'(1813). It is the product of an international Call for Papers that welcomed scholars from many international universities, inviting them to discuss and illuminate the theoretical and practical reception of a text that is not only arguably canonical for the history and theory of translation, but which has moreover never ceased to be present both in theoretical and applied Translation Studies and remains a mandatory part of translator training. A further reason for initiating this project was the fact that the German philosopher and theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher, though often cited in Translation Studies up to the present day, was never studied in terms of his real impact on different domains of translation, literature and culture.

This book presents cutting-edge research in translation studies, offering stimulating discussions on translation and providing fresh perspectives on the field. Papers in Translation Studies features a selection of papers originally authored for this volume, addressing a variety of issues from different points of view and offering interesting contributions to the critical literature of the field. The volume provides useful resources that will be of great benefit for academics, students and practitioners.The contributions to this book promote research on translation theory and practice, and suggest ways of dealing with translation problems. The volume chapters are written by researchers from around the world, and consider various different languages and contexts. Areas of investigation include contrastive linguistics and translation, corpus-based translation studies, natural language processing, machine translation, and translator training.

The aim of this volume is to assess Friedrich Schleiermacher's contribution to the theory of translation two centuries after his address “On the Different Methods of Translating” at the Academy of Sciences in Berlin, and to explore its potential for generating future innovative work. For the first time this classic text forms the object of a focused, interdisciplinary approach. Scholars of philosophy and translation, working in English, French and German, provide a close reading of Schleiermacher's lecture and combine their efforts in order to highlight the fundamental role translation plays in his hermeneutic thinking and the importance of hermeneutics for his theorisation of translation, within the historical and literary context of Romanticism. The various contributions revisit key concepts in Schleiermacher's thought, in particular the famous metaphor of movement; examine the relation between his theoretical writings and his practice as translator of Plato, unearthing some of their philosophical and linguistic implications; discuss Schleiermacher's reception in Germany and abroad; and assess the relevance of his ideas in the beginning of the 21st century as well as their potential to inspire further research in translation and interpreting.

Retranslation is a phenomenon which gives rise to multiple translations of a particular work. But theoretical engagement with the motivations and outcomes of retranslation often falls short of acknowledging the complex nature of this repetitive process, and reasoning has so far been limited to considerations of progress, updating and challenge; there is even less in the way of empirical study. This book seeks to redress the balance through its case studies on the initial translations and retranslations of Flaubert's Madame Bovary and Sand's pastoral tale La Mare au diable within the British literary context. What emerges is a detailed exposition of how and why these works have been retold, alongside a critical re-evaluation of existing lines of enquiry into retranslation. A flexible methodology for the study of retranslations is also proposed which draws on Systemic Functional Grammar, narratology, narrative theory and genetic criticism.

PIERIDES IVThis volume examines interpretation as the original process of critical reception vis-a-vis Terence's experimental comedies. The book, which consists of two parts, looks at Terence as both an agent and a subject of interpretation. The First Part (‘Terence as Interpreter') examines Terence as an interpreter of earlier literary traditions, both Greek and Roman. The Second Part (‘Interpretations of Terence') identifies and explores different expressions of the critical reception of Terence's output. The papers in both sections illustrate the various expressions of originality and individual creative genius that the process of interpretation entails. The volume at hand is the first study to focus not only on the interpreter, but also on the continuity and evolution of the principles of interpretation. In this way, it directs the focus from Terence's work to the meaning of Terence's work in relation to his predecessors (the past literary tradition), his contemporaries (his literary antagonists, but also his audience), and posterity (his critical readers across the centuries).

Publikace seznamuje českého čtenáře s aktuálními translatologickými tématy, jež stojí ve středu zájmu na Pyrenejském poloostrově a která mohou být pro české prostředí metodologicky inspirativní: např. s rolí tlumočníků v dobách kolonialismu, překladatelskou prací španělských misionářů či cenzurou v překladu divadelních her. Vybrané studie jsou doplněny o krátké medailony příslušných autorů (Julio-César Santoyo, Miguel Ángel Vega, Fernando Navarro Domínguez, Antonio Bueno García, Manuel Ramiro Valderrama, Raquel Merino Álvarez).

This is an expanded and slightly revised version of the book of the same title which caused quite a stir when it was first published (1995). It thus reflects an additional step in an ongoing research project which was launched in the 1970s. The main objective is to transcend the limitations of using descriptive methods as a mere ancillary tool and place a proper branch of DTS at the very heart of the discipline, between the theoretical and the applied branches. Throughout the book, theoretical and methodological discussions are illustrated by an assortment of case studies, the emphasis being on the need to take whatever one wishes to focus on within the contexts which are relevant to it. Part One discusses the pivotal position of the descriptive branch within Translation Studies, and Part Two then outlines a detailed rationale for that positioning. This, in turn, supplies a framework for the case studies comprising Part Three, where a number of exemplary issues are analysed and contextualized: texts and modes of translational behaviour are situated in their cultural setting, and textual components are related to their texts and then also to the cultural constellations in which they are embedded. All this leads to Part Four, which asks what the knowledge accumulated through descriptive studies of the kind advocated in the book is likely to yield in terms of both the theoretical and the applied branches of the field. All in all: an innovative, thought-provoking book which no one with a keen interest in translation can afford to ignore.

La obra presenta una metodología de trabajo basada en las técnicas más recientes: la terminografía basada en ontologías y en corpus especializados, concretamente en lo que se ha denominado la ontoterminografía. Esta propuesta metodológica va dirigida especialmente a la elaboración de recursos terminológicos para traductores, un grupo de usuarios con unas necesidades concretas a la hora de realizar búsquedas y consultas terminológicas. La obra se puede dividir en tres partes: primero, se lleva a cabo un estudio sobre las corrientes de la terminología moderna, incluyendo las nuevas ramas basadas en corpus y en la representación del conocimiento; segundo, se analizan las necesidades de los traductores con respecto a los recursos terminológicos, tanto en lo referente al contenido como a la forma, y, finalmente, se describen las diferentes fases de la metodología propuesta. El principal objetivo de esta obra es ofrecer una metodología que sirva de base para elaborar recursos más útiles para este grupo y que satisfagan, por tanto, sus necesidades de búsqueda y consulta terminológica a la par que motive a los investigadores a seguir innovando en recursos terminológicos para traductores.

All cities are multilingual, but there are some where language relations have a special importance. These are cities where more than one historically rooted language community lays claim to the territory of the city. This book focuses on four such linguistically divided cities: Calcutta, Trieste, Barcelona, and Montreal. Though living with the ever-present threat of conflict, these cities offer the possibility of creative interaction across competing languages and this book examines the dynamics of translation in its many forms. By focusing on a category of cities which has received little attention, this study contributes to our understanding of the kinds of language relations that sustain the diversity of urban life. Illustrated with photos and maps, Cities in Translation is both an engaging read for a wide-ranging audience and an important text in advancing theory and methodology in translation studies.

'In Translation and the Problem of Sway Douglas Robinson offers the concept of''sway''to bring together discussion of two translational phenomena that have traditionally been considered in isolation, i.e. norms and errors: norms as ideological pressures to conform to the source text, and deviations from the source text as driven by ideological pressures to conform to some extratextual authority. The two theoretical constructs around which the discussion of translational sway is organized are Peirce's''interpretant''as rethought by Lawrence Venuti and''narrativity''as rethought by Mona Baker. Robinson offers a series of “friendly amendments” to both, looking closely at specific translation histories (Alex. Matson to and from Finnish, two English translations of Dostoevsky) as well as theoretical models from Aristotle to Peirce to expand the range and power of these concepts. In addition to translation and interpreting scholars this book will be of interest to scholars of communication and social interaction.'

Making a contribution to the still under-researched translation history of Verne's Extraordinary Journeys, this book examines the causes of a selection of renderings from French into English of the 1873 Jules Verne novel Le Tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours (Around the World in Eighty Days). This study integrates a number of methodologies in order to offer a comprehensive explanation of translation outcomes. It presents a diachronic investigation of the multiple interacting translation causes which have produced various retranslations of the same work. A corpus of target texts, from 1873 to 2004, is analysed in order to discover the translation strategies employed and their likely causes using Pym's (1998) model of the four Aristotelian causes of social phenomena, as applied to translation. Translators'biographical details are studied to ascertain the agency of the translator. The book addresses the difficulties encountered in uncovering biographical information on certain translators, and the considerations involved in selecting a suitable corpus of retranslated texts. It provides some understanding of the reasons for which retranslations of a canonical novel are undertaken and contributes to arguments concerning translation universals.

Diese Festschrift ehrt Martin Forstner, Professor an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz und zeichnet einige der wesentlichen Initiativen eines grossen Gelehrten und Wegebereiters nach, dessen Forschung und Publikationen für die Translationswissenschaft als richtungweisend gelten. Seine Freunde und Kollegen der CIUTI widmen ihm diesen Band in Dankbarkeit für sein Wirken auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene. Die hier behandelten Themen spiegeln die vielfältigen Facetten der Translationswissenschaft wieder. So ist die akademische Ausbildung, in welcher Evaluierung eine Schlüsselrolle spielt, ebenso Gegenstand der Überlegungen wie die neuen Wege, welche diese Ausbildung einschlagen sollte, damit unsere Absolventen nicht nur heute, sondern auch in Zukunft den Anforderungen des Marktes entsprechen können. Auch den veränderten geopolitischen Konstellationen, welche althergebrachte Muster in Frage stellen und die Ausbilder zwingen, neue Richtungen in der Translationsdidaktik zu nehmen, wird Rechnung getragen. Das vorliegende Werk beinhaltet ferner die Modellisierung von Übersetzungstheorien, die Aspekte der Theaterübersetzung, die Rechtsterminologie für das Sprachenpaar arabisch-deutsch, die neuen Marktanforderungen, die interkulturelle Kompetenz, skizziert die Beziehung zwischen Philologie und Übersetzung, stellt Überlegungen zur Bolognareform an und unterstreicht, dass Bilingualismus nicht zwangsweise mit übersetzerischer Kompetenz gleichzusetzen ist. Dieses Buch enthält 8 Beiträge auf Deutsch, 6 auf Französisch, 6 auf Englisch und 2 auf Italienisch.

This volume contains ten papers describing various translation experiments using Translog and/or think-aloud methodology. Copenhagen Studies in Language volumes 36 (Looking at Eyes edited by Susanne Gopferich and Arnt Lykke Jakobsen) and 37 are two complementary volumes containing empirical studies by scholars working in the field of translation process research. Contributors include members of the EU Eye-to-IT project

As the 21st century gets into stride so does the call for a discipline combining culture and translation. This second edition of Translating Cultures retains its original aim of putting some rigour and coherence into these fashionable words and lays the foundation for such a discipline. This edition has not only been thoroughly revised, but it has also been expanded. In particular, a new chapter has been added which focuses specifically on training translators for translational and intercultural competencies. The core of the book provides a model for teaching culture to translators, interpreters and other mediators. It introduces the reader to current understanding about culture and aims to raise awareness of the fundamental role of culture in constructing, perceiving and translating reality. Culture is perceived throughout as a system for orienting experience, and a basic presupposition is that the organization of experience is not'reality', but rather a simplified model and a'distortion'which varies from culture to culture. Each culture acts as a frame within which external signs or'reality'are interpreted. The approach is interdisciplinary, taking ideas from contemporary translation theory, anthropology, Bateson's logical typing and metamessage theories, Bandler and Grinder's NLP meta-model theory, and Hallidayan functional grammar. Authentic texts and translations are offered to illustrate the various strategies that a cultural mediator can adopt in order to make the different cultural frames he or she is mediating between more explicit.

This volume deals with Translation Research (TR) and Interpreting Research (IR). In the main contribution, Daniel Gile from the Université Lumière Lyon 2 (France) explores kinship, differences and prospects for partnership between the two. He gives an overview of the history of research into translation and interpreting, explores commonalities and reviews differences between translation and interpreting, and discusses implications for research. He comments critically on the foci and paradigms in both TR and IR and on the epistemological and methodological problems they raise. He concludes by saying that Translation and Interpreting Studies are gaining both social cohesion and some weight as an academic identity. The contributions by Jan Cambridge, Andrew Chesterman, Janet Fraser, Yves Gambier, Moira Inghilleri, Zuzana Jettmarová, Ian Mason, Mariana Orozco, Franz Pöchhacker and Miriam Shlesinger focus on translator and interpreter behaviour, research methodology, types of research, disciplinary autonomy and interdisciplinarity, theory and practice, research training, and institutional constraints. There is general agreement that in view of commonalities and differences between translation and interpreting, each step in the investigation of one can contribute valuable input towards investigation of the other.

'A replacement of the author's well-known book on Translation Theory, In Search of a Theory of Translation (1980), this book makes a case for Descriptive Translation Studies as a scholarly activity as well as a branch of the discipline, having immediate consequences for issues of both a theoretical and applied nature. Methodological discussions are complemented by an assortment of case studies of various scopes and levels, with emphasis on the need to contextualize whatever one sets out to focus on. Part One deals with the position of descriptive studies within TS and justifies the author's choice to devote a whole book to the subject. Part Two gives a detailed rationale for descriptive studies in translation and serves as a framework for the case studies comprising Part Three. Concrete descriptive issues are here tackled within ever growing contexts of a higher level: texts and modes of translational behaviour — in the appropriate cultural setup; textual components — in texts, and through these texts, in cultural constellations. Part Four asks the question: What is knowledge accumulated through descriptive studies performed within one and the same framework likely to yield in terms of theory and practice?